How Tenants Can Appeal a Housing Tribunal Decision in England

If you are a renter in England and have received a decision from a housing tribunal that you do not agree with, you may be wondering if you can appeal—and how that process works. This guide sets out what you need to know about challenging decisions from the First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber), including time limits, forms, and important steps to follow under English tenancy law.

Understanding Housing Tribunal Decisions

Most tenancy disputes in England around rent increases, repairs, and eviction notices are handled by the First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber). This official body decides on issues between private renters and landlords. If you disagree with a tribunal's decision, you may be able to appeal, but there are strict rules and deadlines.

Can Tenants Appeal Tribunal Decisions in England?

Yes, tenants can ask for permission to appeal a housing tribunal decision if they believe there was a legal or procedural error. However, you cannot appeal simply because you disagree with the outcome—you must set out valid reasons, such as a mistake in law or fact.

• First step: Apply to the same tribunal for permission to appeal (“application for permission to appeal”).
• If denied, you can apply to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber).
• There are deadlines—usually 28 days from when the decision notice was sent.

Official Forms for Appealing Tribunal Decisions

Form: Application for Permission to Appeal (FTT Property Chamber)

• Form name and number: Application for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (T611)
• When to use: When you want to challenge a First-tier Tribunal decision. Fill out and submit within 28 days of receiving the tribunal's written decision.
• How to use: State why you think the decision was legally or factually wrong. Provide supporting evidence.
• Download official Form T611

Example: If a tribunal dismisses your complaint about a landlord's failure to carry out repairs, and you believe they misunderstood the law, you would complete Form T611 explaining your grounds for appeal and submit it to the tribunal office.

What Happens After You Apply?

• The tribunal will consider your request for permission to appeal.
• If permission is refused, you can apply directly to the Upper Tribunal using the same form.
• If the appeal is accepted, the Upper Tribunal will review your case and may uphold, change, or overturn the decision.

It's important to understand that this is a legal process and you may want to seek advice from shelter services or legal aid.

The Relevant Legislation

The appeals process and your rights as a renter are set out under the Housing Act 1988 and related regulations governing private tenancies and tribunals in England¹.

Practical Action Steps

• Read your written tribunal decision carefully and note the date sent.
• Review the reasons for the decision—consider whether the tribunal made a legal or factual error.
• Complete and submit the application for permission to appeal (Form T611) within 28 days.
• Attach evidence and clearly explain your grounds for appeal.
• Wait for a decision—respond promptly if the tribunal requests further information.

You can find guidance on this process on the official UK government housing tribunals appeal page.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How long do I have to appeal a tribunal decision?
   Usually you have 28 days from when the written decision is sent to lodge your application for permission to appeal.
2. Can I appeal any kind of tribunal decision?
   You can ask to appeal most private rental decisions, but you must have legal or procedural grounds claiming the tribunal made a mistake in law or fact.
3. What happens if my appeal is denied by the tribunal?
   If the First-tier Tribunal refuses permission, you may apply directly to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) within the same 28-day period with Form T611.
4. Do I need a solicitor to appeal?
   No, it's not required, but you may find it helpful to seek advice from charities like Shelter, local Citizens Advice, or a legal expert, especially if the case is complex.
5. Can I submit new evidence during the appeal?
   Generally, appeals are based on evidence already presented. You may sometimes be allowed to introduce new evidence, but you'll need to explain why it wasn't available sooner.

Summary: What Renters Should Know About Appeals

• You can appeal a housing tribunal decision in England but must do so promptly and for the right reasons.
• Use official Form T611 and always explain the legal mistake or error.
• If in doubt, seek free advice from national housing support services.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Housing Tribunals – gov.uk guide
• Form T611 for permission to appeal
• Shelter England – Appealing a tribunal decision
• Citizens Advice – Housing Advice
• Housing Act 1988 (legislation)

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1. Housing Act 1988 – Full text
2. UK Government – How to appeal a tribunal decision

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