How to Apply for a Rent Repayment Order in Wales

If you're renting in Wales and have concerns about your landlord’s legal compliance, you may be able to claim a Rent Repayment Order (RRO). This process allows tenants to reclaim rent if their landlord has committed certain offences, such as renting out an unlicensed property or unlawful eviction. Understanding the steps involved under Welsh law ensures you protect your rights with confidence.

What Is a Rent Repayment Order?

A Rent Repayment Order empowers renters to apply for compensation when a landlord has broken the law—for example, by operating an unlicensed House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) or committing an unlawful eviction. It is handled through the Residential Property Tribunal Wales, which is the official tribunal for housing disputes in the nation. You can learn more on the Residential Property Tribunal Wales official website.

Who Can Apply and When?

You can apply for an RRO if:

• Your landlord has been convicted or the local council has issued a penalty for a relevant housing offence under the Housing (Wales) Act 2014 or other laws.
• You were living in the property at the time the offence took place.
• You apply within 12 months of the offence.

Common qualifying offences include:

• Renting out property without a licence under the Rent Smart Wales scheme
• Unlawful eviction or harassment
• Failing to comply with improvement notices or prohibition orders

Steps to Apply for a Rent Repayment Order in Wales

Applying for an RRO involves these main steps, which help ensure your application is valid and comprehensive.

1. Gather Evidence and Check Your Eligibility

• Confirm that the offence took place during your tenancy and within the last 12 months.
• Collect supporting documents, such as your tenancy agreement, rent payment records, correspondence with your landlord or local council, and evidence of the landlord’s offence (for example, a penalty notice or prosecution record).
• Check whether your landlord is registered and licensed with Rent Smart Wales.

2. Complete the Application Form (RRO1)

To start your claim, you must use the official Rent Repayment Order Application Form (RRO1) provided by the Residential Property Tribunal Wales. This form captures your details, the property information, and the specifics of the offence.

• Form Name: Rent Repayment Order Application Form (RRO1)
• When to use: Whenever you are seeking the return of rent paid due to your landlord committing a relevant offence in Wales.
• How to submit: Download and complete the RRO1 form, attach all required evidence, and email or post it to the Tribunal. The form includes the contact details and submission instructions.
• Find the RRO1 form and guidance here

3. Pay Any Applicable Fees

Check the Residential Property Tribunal Wales fee schedule for the most up-to-date charges. Fee waivers or reductions may apply for those on low incomes—use Form EX160 (also linked on the Tribunal’s site) if you wish to claim help with fees.

4. Await Tribunal Directions and Attend a Hearing

• After you submit your application, the Tribunal may request further information or evidence from you or your landlord.
• A hearing will usually be scheduled where both sides can present their case. You may participate in person, by video, or phone—details will be included in the Tribunal's correspondence.
• The Tribunal will then decide if you are owed a rent repayment and how much should be awarded.

Relevant Legislation

Key laws that govern Rent Repayment Orders in Wales include:

• Housing (Wales) Act 2014 (for landlord registration and licensing requirements)
• Housing Act 2004, Part 2 (for HMOs and property licensing)
• Housing and Planning Act 2016, Section 41-44 (for RRO framework)

Each case is unique—seek advice if you're unsure about your eligibility or if your circumstances are complicated. Acting promptly increases your chances of a successful application.

FAQs about Rent Repayment Orders in Wales

1. What offences qualify for a Rent Repayment Order in Wales?
   Your landlord must have committed specific offences, such as operating an unlicensed rental property, unlawful eviction, or non-compliance with improvement notices. The Residential Property Tribunal Wales lists qualifying offences under Welsh law.
2. How long do I have to apply for an RRO?
   You must apply within 12 months from when the landlord’s offence occurred. Waiting longer could make your claim invalid.
3. Can I apply for an RRO if my landlord hasn’t been prosecuted?
   Yes, but you must present strong evidence that the offence took place. A council-issued penalty notice or your own supporting documents may be sufficient in some cases.
4. Do I need legal representation to apply?
   No, you do not need a solicitor. The process and forms are designed for individuals to use, but you may seek free advice or support from organizations such as Shelter Cymru.
5. What is the maximum rent I can reclaim?
   You can usually claim up to 12 months’ rent, but the Tribunal decides the exact amount based on your circumstances and the seriousness of the offence.

Conclusion: Key Takeaways for Renters in Wales

• Rent Repayment Orders can help you recover rent if your landlord breaks certain Welsh housing laws.
• Act promptly—applications must be made within 12 months of the offence.
• Use the official RRO1 form and provide clear evidence for the strongest application.

Understand your rights, follow the official steps, and seek support if needed. The process exists to support renters in making sure landlords follow the law.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• Residential Property Tribunal Wales – File applications and access official forms.
• Rent Smart Wales – Check landlord registration and licensing status.
• Shelter Cymru – Free housing advice for tenants in Wales.
• Welsh Government: Housing and local services – Policy and consumer guidance.

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1. Housing (Wales) Act 2014
2. Residential Property Tribunal Wales RRO Forms and Guidance
3. Housing and Planning Act 2016, Sections 41-44
4. UK Government – Rent Repayment Orders advice

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