Tenant Succeeds in Rent Repayment Claim: Lessons for English Renters

If you're renting in England and worried your landlord hasn't followed the rules, you may be entitled to claim back rent. This case study explains how one tenant successfully secured a rent repayment in England, what legal grounds supported their case, and how you could follow in their footsteps. We'll break down the key forms and action steps, with links to official UK government guidance.

Understanding Rent Repayment Orders

Rent Repayment Orders (RROs) enable tenants to reclaim up to 12 months of rent if their landlord commits certain offences—such as letting an unlicensed property or carrying out an illegal eviction.

• RROs are handled by the First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber).
• The governing law is the Housing and Planning Act 2016 (Part 2, Chapter 4)¹.

Key legal offences qualifying for RROs include:

• Failure to licence a property (in areas with selective, HMO, or additional licensing)
• Unlawful eviction or harassment
• Breach of banning order or rent repayment order application

The Case: How the Tenant Won

This recent case involved a tenant in England renting a house in a borough with a local landlord licensing scheme. The landlord failed to obtain the required licence, and despite the tenant's concerns, the property continued to be let without it.

When the tenant found out, they gathered evidence—such as council documents confirming the property should have been licensed and rental payment receipts. With this, the tenant applied for a Rent Repayment Order through the tribunal.

Official Form Required: RRO Application

• Form name: Rent Repayment Order application form (RRO1)
• How it's used: Submit this form to the First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) when seeking to reclaim rent due to landlord offences under the Housing and Planning Act 2016.
• Practical example for renters: If you discover your property should have been licensed but isn't, and you've paid rent during that period, you can apply for a Rent Repayment Order using the RRO1 form. You’ll need to gather evidence of payments and correspondence.

Outcome and Tribunal Decision

The tribunal reviewed the application, evidence, and landlord response. The tribunal found the property was indeed unlicensed and the tenant qualified for rent repayment under the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

The tenant was awarded 12 months of rent repayment. This both compensated the tenant and reinforced the importance of regulatory compliance for landlords across England.

Step-by-Step: How to Apply for a Rent Repayment Order

• Gather evidence: rent payment records, tenancy agreement, council correspondence.
• Download and complete the RRO1 application form.
• Submit the form to the First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) (Residential Property) (contact details on the form or the tribunal site).
• Attend the remote or in-person hearing, presenting your evidence.
• Await the tribunal’s decision. If successful, the landlord will be required to pay the awarded sum to the tenant.

This process is accessible and designed to empower renters to stand up for their rights in England.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What offences can I claim a rent repayment order for?
   Certain offences qualify, including letting an unlicensed property, unlawful eviction, harassment, and breach of a banning order. Check with your local council or tribunal for details.
2. How much rent can I get repaid?
   You can claim up to 12 months’ rent, depending on the length of the offence period and tribunal decision.
3. How do I submit evidence for my claim?
   Include tenancy agreements, rent receipts, and any official council communication. Attach these to your RRO1 form or bring them to your hearing.
4. Is applying for a Rent Repayment Order expensive?
   The tribunal fees are small compared to the potential amount repaid, and you may get help with fees. Details are on the official tribunal fee guidance.
5. Do I need legal representation?
   No, most tenants represent themselves. However, free advice services or charities can help you prepare your case.

Key Takeaways

• If your landlord breaks licensing or eviction laws, you may be able to reclaim rent through a Rent Repayment Order.
• The process is tribunal-based and accessible; use the RRO1 form and provide solid documentation.
• Always check local council rules and seek official advice before proceeding.

Need Help? Resources for Renters

• GOV.UK: Private renting guidance – official advice for private renters in England
• Shelter England: Get help – free expert support and a helpline for renters in crisis
• Citizens Advice: Housing – impartial, practical guidance on all housing issues
• First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) (Residential Property) – where rent repayment claims are heard and processed

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1. The relevant legislation is the Housing and Planning Act 2016, Part 2, Chapter 4 outlining Rent Repayment Orders.
2. Find more on tribunal procedure and forms at the Residential Property Tribunal official guidance.

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